In Barometric type of measurement, we use mercury or oil. In mechanical type, diaphragm gauge is used in which the pressure causes mechanical movement of a septum forming one wall of an evacuated enclosure. This is similar to that of an aneroid barometer. In Mcleod gauge, assumption followed is that Boyle’s law is valid. Manometric liquid used in Mcleod gauge is mercury. Thermodynamic principles are utilized in thermal conductivity gauges. Hot-cathode ionization gauges and cold-cathode ionization gauges are other examples. Knudsen gauges depends on the recoil force on a warm surface when a molecule rebounds from it. Pirani gauge is based on the property of variation of thermal conductivity with pressure.
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